Lets say you want to work on a tool like the youtube tool. First go into github.com
https://github.com/tsugitools/youtube
And "Fork" the repo into your own account. It will take a moment for GitHub to make the fork and then you will be put into your fork.
https://github.com/csev/youtube
Then on your local computer check out your fork (because you don't have permission to write to the one in 'tsugitools').
cd tsugi/mod
git clone https://github.com/csev/youtube.git
Add a "link back" to the original repo that you forked from, using the following command:
cd youtube
git remote add upstream https://github.com/tsugitools/youtube
Then make your changes and test them. When you like your changes, you make a branch in your repository - give it a name different from other branches and then commit your changes with a nice commit message.
git checkout -b patch1
git commit -a
Then push your changes into the branch into your repo - your repo is "origin" - where the code was downloaded from.
git push origin patch1
Then in a browser go back to your repo in github and you should see a little message:
"Your recently pushed branches:"
And a green button to "Compare and pull request" - click the button and submit the patch to the owners of the repository that you forked from. The owners will review your patch and may ask for changes or most likely just merge the patch. If it is Chuck, you might have to send a note and say, "Hey - take a look at my pull request".
Once the PR (Pull request) is merged, go back to your local copy:
cd tsugi/mod/youtube
git checkout master (to get back on the master branch)
git pull upstream master (pull your changes back down from the original repo)
git push origin master (put your changes in the master branch in your repo)
Now your changes are round-tripped. You can go in and delete the "patch1" branch at this point.